The first activity of the design activities are designing a network. The presence of networks (networks) in the organization's business activities is very important considering the flow of transactions that occur today are done electronically. The issues faced when designing networks are as follows:
- Integrate the needs of networks of new systems with existing infrastructure networks.
- Describe the activity of processing and network connectivity to any location of the system.
- Describe the communication protocols along with middleware that connects layers.
- Ensuring the availability of the required capacity networks.
Computer networks are a series of transmission lines, specialized hardware, and communication protocols that enable communication between users with computer systems, which allows for the sharing of the information and resources. Computer networks are divided into 2 types based on distance, namely:
- Local area network (LAN), a computer within the local network (typically less than 1 kilometer), which is usually used in the same building.
- Wide area network (WAN), a computer network at greater distances than a LAN (usually more than 1 kilometer), which is typically used in a town or country. Routers can connect multiple LANs to be WAN. The router is functioning network equipment transmitting information in a network.
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| Example LAN & WAN |
The Internet is a global collection of networks that use the same networking protocols (TCP / IP, transmission control protocol / internet protocol). Here are some terms related to the Internet:
- World Wide Web (WWW) or web, a collection of resources (programs, files, and services) that can be accessed via the Internet using standard protocols.
- Intranet, is a private network that uses Internet protocols, which is only accessible by a limited set of internal users (typically used in offices).
- Extranet, an internet that has been expanded to include a relationship or business users who are outside the organization (eg as suppliers, large customers, or strategic partner). An extranet allows different organizations to exchange information and activity, which may further support the creation of a virtual organization (a group of people who are not bound, in cooperation and exchange of information and resources should be in the same organization). Extranet can be implemented through a virtual private network (VPN), which is a private network that is safe and can only be accessed by those who are members of an organization (or virtual organization)
There are many ways that can be used to describe the network infrastructure. One way is to use a network diagram, which is modeling that describes how the application layers is divided into locations and distributed computer systems. The diagram identifies the assumptions about where the application software to be executed, where servers and workstations will be placed, and how the network resources will be managed.
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